Basic checkmatesStep 5 of 6

The smothered mate

The only mate where the loser is killed by his own pieces — and the queen sacrifice that sets it up.

The prettiest mate in chess, and the only one where the loser is killed by his own pieces.

A king surrounded by his defenders has no escape square. The knight, meanwhile, jumps over everybody. A knight checking a fully surrounded king is mate, even with the whole enemy army standing around him.

The full mechanism is called Philidor’s legacy, and it is worth seeing end to end: it finishes with a queen sacrifice.

Demonstration — use the arrows

Use the ← and → arrow keys, or click a move in the list.

Move list

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Start

Philidor's legacy.

It is exactly the idea behind Légal’s mate: a knight mating a king with too many of his own pieces around him.

Your turn

Your turn

White to move

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Move1 / 1

Attempts0

Play your move on the board: drag a piece, or tap it and then tap its destination square.

Standard notation (Bc4, Nxe5, O-O) or plain squares (f1c4). French piece letters work too: R king, D queen, T rook, F bishop, C knight.

Mate in one.